Student+Religious+Groups

** 2. USE OF SCHOOL FACILITIES TO GROUPS THAT LIMIT PARTICIPATION TO THOSE WHO SHARE THEIR RELIGIOUS BELIEFS** ** 3. ATTENDANCE BY SCHOOL PERSONNEL WHERE STUDENTS OPENLY PRAY OR CONDUCT BIBLE STUDY ACTIVITIES**
 * __SECTION IV: STUDENT RELIGIOUS GROUPS __**
 * __LINKS TO SPECIFIC TOPICS__: **
 * ** 1. MEET ON SCHOOL PREMISES & OPENLY PRAY OR CONDUCT BIBLE STUDY ACTIVITIES**
 * 4. ****__BOARD POLICIES __**
 * 5. ****__ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS __** ||


 * 1. ** **__STUDENT RELIGIOUS GROUPS: MEET ON SCHOOL PREMISES & OPENLY PRAY OR CONDUCT BIBLE STUDY ACTIVITIES __**

 The federal **Equal Access Act (EAA) (20 USC** §§ **4071-74)** states that public secondary schools which receive federal financial assistance provide students equal access and may not deny them use of school facilities during non-instruction time on the basis of the religious, political, philosophical or other content of the speech that can be expected to take place at the meeting if it permits a “limited open forum” where student groups use school premises for any non-curriculum-related purpose (New York State School Boards Association [NYSSBA], 2010, p. 572, School Law § 27:43). The act also requires that:
 * The meetings are voluntary and initiated by the students (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 572, School Law § 27:43).
 * There is no sponsorship of the meeting by the school (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 572, School Law § 27:43).
 * Employees or agents of the school can attend only in a non-participatory capacity (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 572, School Law § 27:43).
 * The meetings do not interfere materially or substantially with the orderly conduct of the educational activities within the school (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 572, School Law § 27:43).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Non-school people do not direct, conduct control or regularly attend activities of student groups (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 572, School Law § 27:43).
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Non-instructional time generally means before or after school (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 762, School Law § 36:15).

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;"> **United States** **Supreme Court:**
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Held that the Equal Access Act (20 USC § 4071) is constitutional even though the school argued that allowing religious groups on a high school campus would violate the Establishment Clause which prohibits governmental endorsement of religion (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 762, School Law § 36:15). The court held instead that student religious expression is private speech, therefore schools are “not endorsing religious speech; they are merely permitting such speech on a non-discriminatory basis” thus protected by the Free Speech Clause and the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 762, School Law § 36:15).
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">BOE // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Westside Community Schools // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">v. Mergens //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">, 496 U.S. 226 (1990)
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ruled that “an Omaha district did not create an open forum for students speech and, thus, need not allow a Bible student club to meet at the high school” (Essex, 2012, p. 30).
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">Mergens //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;"> v. //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">BOE Westside Community Schools //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">, 496 U.S. 226 (1990)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Federal Appellate Courts (outside New York): **
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Ruled that a public high school’s lunch break was non-instructional time, rejecting the idea that only time set aside before and after school constituted non-instructional time” (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 762, School Law § 36:15).
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ceniceros v. Board of Trustees of San Diego Unified School District, //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;"> 106 F.3d 878 (9th Cir. 1997)
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ruled that “an activity period between homeroom and the first period of instruction is also non-instructional time” (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 762, School Law § 36:15).
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Donovan v. Punxsutawney Area School Board, //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">336 F.3d 211 (3rd Cir 2003)
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ruled that the “district did not have to accommodate a prayer club at the high school because the state Constitution in Washington State contained stricter language regarding the separation of church and state than was found in the First Amendment” (Essex, 2012, p. 30). Determined that the school was “not required to accommodate a prayer club because it did not provide a limited open forum” and thus was not bound by the EAA (Essex, 2012, p. 30). Therefore the students’ free speech rights were not violated because the district had not created a public forum (Essex, 2012, p. 30).
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Garnett v. Renton School District, //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">675 F. Supp. 1268 (W.D. Wash. 1987)
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Ruled against a prayer group whose meetings grew into loud revivals that involved proselytizing of other students” (Essex, 2012, p. 30).
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Clark v. Dallas Independent School, //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;"> 806 F. Supp.116 (N.D. Texas, 1992)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">2. ** **__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">STUDENT RELIGIOUS GROUPS: USE OF SCHOOL FACILITIES TO GROUPS __****__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">THAT LIMIT PARTICIPATION TO THOSE WHO SHARE THEIR RELIGIOUS __****__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">BELIEFS __**


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Federal Appellate Courts (outside New York): **
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ruled that there was no violation of the EAA “when a Bible club was denied access because the club restricted membership to Christians, which was in violation of district policies requiring student groups to be non-discriminatory” (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 763, School Law § 36:16).
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Truth v. Kent School District, //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">524 F.3d 957 (9th Cir. 2008)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Federal District Court ****<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;"> (New York): **
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ruled that the EAA prevents a “school district from enforcing nondiscrimination policies that would prohibit a student Bible club from meeting on school property solely because the group allowed only Christians to serve as officers of the club” (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 762, School Law § 36:16).
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Hsu v. Roslyn Union Free School District No. 3, //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">85 F.3d 839 (2d Cir. 1996), //cert.// //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">denied, //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">519 U.S. 1040 (1996)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">3. ** **__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">STUDENT RELIGIOUS GROUPS: ATTENDANCE BY SCHOOL PERSONNEL __****__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">WHERE STUDENTS OPENLY PRAY OR CONDUCT BIBLE STUDY ACTIVITIES __**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">The **Federal Equal Access Act (20 USC** §§ **4071-74)** states that “school personnel may attend such meetings only as monitors, not as advisors or participants, and the meetings may not interfere materially or substantially with the orderly conduct of school activities” (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 762, School Law § 36:16). In addition, “non-school persons or groups may not direct, control or regularly attend these student group meetings and activities” (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 762, School Law § 36:16).


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Federal Appellate Courts (outside New York): **
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ruled that “an elementary school teacher can participate in meetings of an after-school religious club for children, even if the meetings are held at the same school where she is assigned to teach” (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 762, School Law § 36:16). This “participation does not violate separation of church and state principles under the Establishment Clause because a reasonable observer would view the teacher as any private citizen exercising the right to religious freedom and speech” (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 763, School Law § 36:17).
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Wigg v. Sioux Falls School District //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">, 382 F.3d 807 (8th Cir. 2004)
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">“Upheld a school district policy that prohibited faculty participation in student initiated prayer in any school-sponsored setting including classes, practices, pep rallies, team meetings and athletic events” (NYSSBA, 2010, p. 763, School Law § 36:17).
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Borden v. School District of the Township of East Brunswick //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">, 523 F.3d 153 (3d Cir. 2008)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">4. ** **__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">STUDENT RELIGIOUS GROUPS: BOARD POLICIES __**


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Board Policy 7410 ****<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">: EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Board of Education considers extracurricular activities to be a valuable part of the program of the school district and shall support these activities within the financial means of the District. (Olean City School District, 2011, Board Policy 7410)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Limited Open Forum **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Board of Education maintains a limited open forum where secondary students may meet for voluntary student-initiated activities unrelated directly to the instructional program, regardless of religious, political or philosophical content. (Olean City School District, 2011, Board Policy 7410)

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">To provide “a fair opportunity” to students who wish to conduct a meeting, the Board of Education, in accordance with the provision of the Equal Access Act, shall ensure that:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">a) The meeting is voluntary and student-initiated; <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">b) There is no sponsorship of the meeting by the school, the government, or its agents or employees; <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">c) Employees or agents of the school or government are present at religious meetings only in a non-participatory capacity; <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">d) The meeting does not materially and substantially interfere with the orderly conduct of educational activities within the school; and <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">e) Non-school persons may not direct, conduct, control, or regularly attend activities of student groups (20 USC Section 4071[c]). (Olean City School District, 2011, Board Policy 7410)

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Board prohibits student organizations whose activities may be unlawful or may cause disruption or interference with the orderly conduct of the educational process. Administration is responsible for establishing written regulations governing the use of school facilities by student organizations and for limited open forums. (Olean City School District, 2011, Board Policy 7410)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Eligibility for Attendance **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">a) Students who are suspended from school on a day of an athletic game or practice session, party, school dance, or other school affair scheduled after regular school hours are not eligible for participation or attendance at such events. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">b) In order for students to attend a school-sponsored function, it is necessary that students attend classes for at least half of the school day on the day of the activity, unless otherwise excused by the building administrator (Olean City School District, 2011, Board Policy 7410).

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">8 New York Code of Rules and Regulations <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">(NYCRR) Sections 172.1 NS 172.2 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Education Law Sections 1709, 1709-a, <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">2503-a, and 2554-a <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Equal Access Act, 20 United States Code (USC) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Sections 4071-4074


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">5. ** **__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">STUDENT RELIGIOUS GROUPS: ADMINISTRATIVE REGULATIONS __**


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Administrative Regulation 7410R.2 ****<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">: STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS - LIMITED OPEN **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;"> FORUM **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Equal Access Act of 1984 states that:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">It shall be unlawful for any public secondary school which receives Federal financial assistance and which has a limited open forum to deny equal access or a fair opportunity to, or discriminate against, any students who wish to conduct a meeting within that limited open forum on the basis of the religious, political, philosophical, or other content of the speech at such meetings (20 USC Section 4071 [a]). (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 7410R.2)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Definitions **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Non-curriculum related student groups, interpreted by the United States Supreme Court in Westside Community Board of Education v. Mergens, mean “any student group that does not directly related to the body of courses offered by the school.” The Court indicated that curriculum related student groups are those in which:
 * 1) __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Limited Open Forum __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;"> – “A public secondary school has a limited open forum whenever such school grants an offering to or opportunity for one or more non-curriculum related student groups to meet on school premises” (20 USC Section 4071 [b]).
 * 2) __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Meeting __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">– “meeting” includes “those activities of student groups which are permitted under a school’s limited open forum and are not directly related to the school curriculum” (20 USC Section 4072[4]).
 * 3) __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Non-instructional Time __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">- “Non-instructional time” is defined as the time set aside by the school before actual classroom instruction begins or after actual classroom instruction ends” (20 USC Section 4072[4]).
 * 4) __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Curriculum Related Student Groups __

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">a) Subject matter of the group is actually taught, or soon will be taught, in a regularly offered course; <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">b) Subject matter of the group concerns the body of courses as a whole; <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">c) Participation in the group is required for a particular course; or <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Participation in the group results in academic credit. (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 7410R.2)

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">At the secondary level, student groups protected under the Equal Access Act shall be permitted to meet on the school premises during non-instructional time under the following conditions:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">1) A meeting is student-initiated and open to all students. Student attendance at such a meeting must be voluntary. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">2) School employees may be present only for custodial purposes; they may not participate or provide sponsorship.* <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">*Sponsorship is defined as “the act of promoting, leading, or participating in a meeting. The assignment of a teacher, administrator, or other school employee to a meeting for custodial purposes does not constitute sponsorship of the meeting.” (20 USC Section 4072 [2]). <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">3) A meeting does not include any activity that materially and substantially interferes with the orderly conduct of educational activities within the school. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">4) Unless otherwise allowed by current applicable law, membership shall not be restricted on the basis of race, sex, national origin, disability or any other arbitrary criteria. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">5) It is understood that the content of a student meeting is not sponsored by the School District. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">6) While students may invite outside speakers to meeting, non-school persons may not direct, conduct, control or regularly attend such meetings or activities of student groups. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">A request to meet must be filed in advance with the Superintendent. Once approval is obtained, a student group may continue to meet for the remainder of the school year, unless such group fails to abide by the conditions stated within Board policy or administrative regulation. A hearing shall be provided, however, before a decision is reached to discipline or ban a student organization. (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 7410R.2)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Administrative Regulation 8290R: RELIGIOUS EXPRESSION IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">These regulations have been developed to provide guidance to District staff and students regarding religious expression in the public schools. Guidance beyond the statements in these regulations may be found in four basic principles which would apply to the topic of teaching about religion in schools:

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">1) Is it constitutionally permissible; <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">2) Is it educationally sound; <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">3) Is it culturally sensitive; and <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">4) Is it age appropriate? (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 8290R)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Official Neutrality Regarding Religious Activity **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Teachers and school administrators, when acting in those capacities, are representatives of the state and are prohibited by the establishment clause from soliciting or encouraging religious activity, and from participating in such activity with students. Teachers and administrators also are prohibited from discouraging activity because of its religious content and from soliciting or encouraging anti-religious activity. (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 8290R)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Released Time **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Subject to applicable state laws, schools have the discretion to dismiss students to off-premises religious instruction, provided that schools do not encourage or discourage participation or penalize those who do not attend. Schools may not allow religious instruction by outsiders on school premises during the day. (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 8290R)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Teaching Values **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Though schools must be neutral with respect to religion, they may play an active role with respect to teaching civic values and virtue, and the moral code that holds us together as a community. The fact that some of these values are held also by religions does not make it unlawful to teach them in school. (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 8290R)


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Equal Access Act **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">The Equal Access Act [EAA] is designed to ensure that, consistent with the First Amendment, student religious activates are accorded the same access to public school facilities as are student secular activities. (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 8290R)


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">General Provisions __**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Student religious groups at public secondary schools have the same right of access to school facilities as it enjoyed by other comparable student groups. Under the Equal Access act, a school receiving federal funds that allows one or more student non-curriculum related clubs to meet on its premises during non-instructional time may not refuse access to student religious groups. (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 8290R)


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Prayer Services and Worship Exercises Covered __**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">A meeting, as defined and protected by the Equal Access Act, may include a prayer service, Bible reading or other worship exercise. (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 8290R)


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Equal Access to Means of Publicizing Meetings __**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">A school receiving federal funds must allow student religious groups meeting under the Equal Access Act to use the school media -- including the public address system, the school newspaper, and the school bulletin board – to announce their meetings on the same terms as other non-curriculum related student groups are allowed to use the school media. Any policy, rule or regulation concerning the use of school media must be applied to all non-curriculum related student groups in a nondiscriminatory manner. School, however, may inform student that certain groups are not school sponsored. (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 8290R)


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lunch Time and Recess Covered __**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">A school creates a limited open forum under the Equal Access Act, triggering equal access rights for religious groups, when it allows students to meet during their lunch periods other non-instructional time during the school day, as well as when it allows students to meet before and after the school day. (Allegany-Limestone Central School District, 2002, Administrative Regulation 8290R)